A Name-Calling<\/b> the oldest, crudest, and most effective means of propaganda. The essence of the technique is to persuade a person, group, or idea are associated with a negative symbol or stigmatizing term<\/b>.<\/p>\n
The propagandist's goal is to make the audience reject immediately, from the gut<\/b> the target because of the negative label, rather than examining the real evidence or the actual merits of the idea.<\/p>\n
The Institute for Propaganda Analysis (IPA)<\/i> As he put it in 1938, bad names and labels have enormous power in history: \u201eThey destroyed careers, put people in prison, and were capable of driving crowds into such a frenzy that they would fight and slaughter their fellow human beings.\u201d<\/i><\/p>\n
A Propaganda Critic<\/i> Based on his analysis, there are two main forms of stigma:<\/p>\n1. Raw, direct stigma (Bad Names)<\/h3>\n
These are the completely obvious, offensive or politically charged swear words used to cut short arguments:<\/p>\n
Communist \/ Communist<\/i><\/p>\n<\/li>\n Fascist<\/i><\/p>\n<\/li>\n Terrorist<\/i><\/p>\n<\/li>\n Police business \/ Parasite<\/i><\/p>\n<\/li>\n Radical \/ Extremist<\/i><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n When a political figure is labeled as a \u201eterrorist\u201d or \u201efascist,\u201d the public tends to immediately turn off their rational filters and stop paying attention to that person\u2019s arguments.<\/p>\n This is the more dangerous form because it does not use harsh swear words, but rather expressions that with negative emotional charge<\/b> they have, thus imperceptibly distorting reality.<\/p>\n An excellent example of this linguistic framing:<\/p>\n If someone opposes budget spending, their critics \u201e"to shrink"\u201d<\/b> or \u201e"heartless"\u201d<\/b> called (stigma).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n The same behavior is shown by its supporters \u201e"thrifty"\u201d<\/b> or \u201e"responsible"\u201d<\/b> will be described.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Other implied negative expressions: \u201e"social engineering"<\/i>, \u201e"coward"\u201d<\/i>, \u201e"counterculture"\u201d<\/i>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n The portal cites as a separate case study Newt Gingrich's (former US House Speaker) infamous 1990 pamphlet, \u201eLanguage: A Key Mechanism of Control\u201d<\/i> In it, Republican candidates were given a specific vocabulary on how to speak. While they were given \u201eglossy generalities\u201d (e.g. vision, freedom, pride<\/i>), they were required to use the following stigmatizing words in every statement to systematically discredit their opponents:<\/p>\n Collapse, Corruption, Decay, Sick, Destructive, Hypocrisy, Self-serving, Pathetic.<\/i><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n When you see someone being targeted with spectacular labels in the media or in a debate, ask yourself the following questions to neutralize the manipulation:<\/p>\n What exactly is the real, dictionary meaning of the stamp\/term used?<\/b><\/p>\n<\/li>\n Is the connection between the target person\/idea and the negative label attached to it really logical and well-founded?<\/b><\/p>\n<\/li>\n Isn't it possible that they want to silence an idea that is actually useful or thought-provoking for me by giving it a name I don't like?<\/b><\/p>\n<\/li>\n If I completely peel back and ignore this negative label, what are the real, objective merits of the proposal or idea?<\/b><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" A Megb\u00e9lyegz\u00e9s (Name-Calling) a propaganda leg\u0151sibb, legnyersebb \u00e9s egyben leghat\u00e9konyabb eszk\u00f6ze. A technika l\u00e9nyege, hogy egy szem\u00e9lyt, csoportot vagy elk\u00e9pzel\u00e9st \u00f6sszekapcsolnak egy negat\u00edv szimb\u00f3lummal vagy megb\u00e9lyegz\u0151 kifejez\u00e9ssel. A propagandista c\u00e9lja ezzel az, hogy a k\u00f6z\u00f6ns\u00e9g azonnal, zsigerb\u0151l elutas\u00edtsa a c\u00e9lpontot a negat\u00edv jelz\u0151 miatt, ahelyett, hogy megvizsg\u00e1ln\u00e1 a val\u00f3s bizony\u00edt\u00e9kokat vagy az adott \u00f6tlet t\u00e9nyleges […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2219,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rs_blank_template":"","rs_page_bg_color":"","slide_template_v7":"","_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"wpai_generated_summary":"","tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[20,101],"tags":[100],"class_list":["post-2218","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-tudasanyag","category-a-propaganda-mindenhol-jelen-van","tag-hasbara"],"modified_by":"Antipropaganda H\u00edrblog","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/antipropaganda.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2218","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/antipropaganda.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/antipropaganda.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antipropaganda.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antipropaganda.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2218"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/antipropaganda.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2218\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antipropaganda.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2219"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/antipropaganda.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2218"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antipropaganda.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2218"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antipropaganda.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2218"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}2. Subtle, veiled stigma (Negatively Charged Words)<\/h3>\n
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Historical example from the handbook: Newt Gingrich's political dictionary<\/h3>\n
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Mental Self-Defense: IPA Screening Questions Against Stigma<\/h3>\n
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